This is a great way of bringing contrast into a piece. In this form, whilst the accompanying parts do not follow the same rhythms as the lead melody line, their overall purpose is to provide an underlying harmony and accompaniment to the melody. If the printed program at a concert indicated that the first movement of a symphony was titled Allegro and the second Andante, you would expect: The first movement to be fast, the second slower, The tempo of this example could be described as: (00:20), The tempo in this example could be described as: (00:30), The trumpet melody in the following excerpt can be best described as: (00:03), The melodic material in the following excerpt can be best described as having: Which of the following was regarded as a leading composer of the Ars Nova style? Texture refers to the number of individual musical lines (melodies) and the relationship these lines have to one another. While we're not sure exactly what instrument it was written for, it's likely that it was some type of organ (we'll see the organ below). homophony, consonance, triple meter with a brief switch to duple. You can see from the diagram below that an accompaniment (green shading) has been added underneath the melody (blue line) to form a homophonic texture: In a strictly homophonic texture, the parts or voices move in step with one another rather than having contrasting rhythms. Early baroque music is characterized by frequent use of polyphonic texture. It describes music where several parts or voices are combined together contrapuntally or in counterpoint. The earliest surviving operathen called dramma per musicawas written by a member of the Florentine Camerata named: When assessing a client with partial-thickness burns over 60% of the body, which finding should the nurse report immediately? Perform and listen to this excerpt before attempting an . Which of the following examples features melismatic singing? The term harmony refers to the horizontal aspect of music. Which of the following is the process of getting oxygen from the environment to the tissues of the body? Which keyboard instument is heard in the beginning of Rejoice Greatly? Which of the following Italian tempo terms best applies to this selection? The composer of this selection is: (10:26), The following excerpt features characteristics of polyphonic texture. Underline the infinitive phrase in each sentence, and identify the phrases function by writing above it S for subject, PN for predicate nominative, DO for direct object, ADJ for adjective, or ADV* for adverb. The secular text and overall musical style of this example suggest that it is from a/an: Have a listen to this acapella version of You Raise Me Up by BYU Vocal Point. Which of the following types of texture does it represent? (3:26), The texture of the following example from the Classical period can best be described as: (00:38). During the Baroque period, the term sonata was used for musical works __________. Which of the following characterize Cozzolani's Magnificat? Outline the STRUCTURE of the excerpt. 1:01, The vocal technique illustrated by the following example is known as: initialism for soprano, alto, tenor, bass, defining the voice types required by a chorus or choir to perform a particular musical work. What would you expect next? (00:36)`, The following excerpt is dissonant. 0000 0026 a cappella with only . You can see on this diagram of a polyphonic texture the different parts weaving in and out as they perform distinct melodic lines that combine to create the overall sound. 2005: Baroque: Vivaldi, Antonio: Concerto Opus 10 No. Which of the following excerpts features frequently changing tempos? Singing a specific ______ together with the congregation was a critical part of weekly Lutheran religious services. (00:46), The following musical excerpt is from the Classical period. Have a look/listen to this example of heterophony from J.S. The modern pipe organ is capable of playing literally hundreds of different sounds, each of which resemble real instruments. Prima practica emphasized equality of voices whereas seconda practica emphasized a hierarchy of voices. These keyboards are called manuals and it allows for performers to play loud and soft. A. Technology has enabled art music composers to experiment with and change the way that they create music. Fugues are both a genre of music, and they also contain their form (called "fugue form"). :39, The following excerpt is most likely from a(n) Subject is presented in shorter time values. In broad terms, music and the other arts of the Romantic period. Here is the magic fire leitmotif. After reading through page learning about early keyboard instruments, view the video presentation for this section. Who composed La favola d'Orfeo, a work that marks the beginning of opera as a major art form? Heterophony is a less common musical texture, but it is useful to understand it. Look closely, and you'll see the five lines that we still use today; notes all have stems, although the look like they're written backwards by today's standards. During the Baroque period, the musical feature that lent harmonic support to the main melodic line of a composition was called: The musical features of the following example suggest that it comes from a/an: (7:31). The most notable Baroque innovation was the development of "drama through music," which we now call At the time of Monteverdi's opera "The Coronation of Poppea", what type of opera houses were beginning to open in Venice? Usually, folk tunes, songs, spirituals, and hymns are not good examples of strophic form. . congregational, chorales Which of the following is not a composer from the Romantic period? Which of the following elements are found in a fugue and which are not? The system in which syllables are used to memorize intervals between notes in a standard scale pattern is called: What genres is a group of dance movements, usually in the same key? During the Baroque period, the musical feature that lent harmonic support to the main melodic line of a composition was called: Who composed La favola dOrfeo, a work that marks the beginning of opera as a major art form? He used lyric melodies to show the Romantic styles, but within the framework of Classical forms. Lets start with the simplest musical texture to define and describe monophonic. For smaller instruments, the performer would pump with their feet or knees to create a vacuum to collect air, and push it through the pipes as they played (you can see a short video of a performer doing there here). During the Renaissance, what was the name composers gave to the original chant used as the basis for the main melody in a composition? Then, watch this video of Steven Devine demonstrating the sound of the Clavichord, creating a very different and more unique keyboard sound. A multi-movement instrumental work based on rhythms of popular dances. Subscribe to our mailing list and get FREE music resources to your email inbox. Which characteristics below correctly describe this recitative? Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.org. A piece for solo instrument or a small group of instruments The Baroque concerto is. However, you will often hear monophonic singing in informal settings like contemporary sports matches where the crowd is singing in unison. The following excerpt is not an example of triple meter. Basso continuo; The Doctrine of Affections, The following excerpt is an example for which style of recitative? The Italian term that describes very fast tempo is: The following excerpt is an example of ritardando. The composer will modulate, which means to change key to a new area, at which point the subject returns. Which of the following were sacred genres in the Medieval period? :47. (3:31), Contrasts between a small group of soloists and a larger ensemble, The following excerpt is most likely from a/an: (00:40), The following excerpt is most likely from a(n) (00:33), The following musical excerpt is from a recitative. :35, Which of the following describes this example? Which of the following describes this example? During the Baroque period, the musical feature that lent harmonic support to the main melodic line of a composition was called: The musical features of the following example suggest that it comes from a/an: Tempo and rhythm are interchangeable terms. :21, What is the name of the technique used in the following excerpt? Legal. Diffusion Let us complete them for you. :40, Which of these examples is a recitative? Many composers of the Baroque Period (1600-1750) composed music solely for the organ. The basso could be a bass instrument within that string orchestra, or it could be a keyboard or plucked string instrument, typical of the Baroque period, such as the harpsichord or theorbo. Find out whether the subjunctive mood is needed in the example. Decide whether the sentence is true or false, and write True or False on the answer line. :47. (00:27), Which of the following is the composer for this piece? Think "row row row your boat," being sung as a . Which of the following trends in contemporary music does this excerpt exemplify? (00:06), This music example illustrates a chord played one note after another. Mixing two primary colors creates ___ corors, The Renaissance revealed a resurgence of Greek beliefs about music. (00:19). Which of the following is NOT a chant of the Proper of the Mass? Antonio was the best gymnast at the competition. Which best describes the texture of the first movement of Bach's Cantata 140, Wachet auf? Which of the following is a composition for the vihuela? The most common type of plucked keyboard instrument that we still see today is simply called the harpsichord (mostly because the other instruments like the virginal are no longer in widespread use). There are four music textures that you need to understand: In this lesson we will look at definitions and explanations for each musical texture in turn. Based on the Baroque model, how did Mozart envision the interaction between orchestra and soloist in a concerto? taxi fare calculator birmingham; leo sun, libra moon scorpio rising As you listen to these pieces, you may think to yourself that these piece sound "old." Which of the following examples features melismatic singing? Which of the following characteristics are associated with the rococo style? :20, The vocal technique illustrated by the following example is known as: (00:03), The following excerpt is consonant. While the clavichord was invented in the late Middle Ages (around 1300), the clavichord was invented around the Renaissance period (around 1500s). Each measure contains a combination of strong and weak __________, which represent the underlying ____________ of the music. It was generally based on a biblical story and it featured arias, recitatives, ensemble numbers, choruses, and narration. Which of the following is a false statement? Which one of the following is not a general characteristic of Romantic music: Compositions were based on logic and controlled feelings. Take a listen to organist Hans-Andre Stamm performing this famous work that's often associated with Halloween before moving on to the "Fugue." (00:11), How dissonant harmonies create tension and instability throughout, Although the violin is mostly a single melody instrument, violinists can also play chords using an instrumental technique known as: (00:16). :25, Which of the following excerpts exhibits Baroque rhythmic characteristics? Members of the Camerata wanted to create a new vocal style based on the, Which of the following statements is not true. Which of the following forms is not based on the principle of contrast? The sections of the Classical sonata-allegro form are: Exposition, Development, and Recapitulation, We can say that the harmony in the following example is typical of the Classical period because it features: (00:26), chord accompaniment and clear, strong cadences, Beethoven is sometimes referred to as "The Father of the Symphony. The following selection, sung by Historicus, comes from a well-known __________. This aria is called "Dido's Lament" because Dido is lamenting the loss of Aeneas, her lover. For which church did Bach write his cantatas? The rhythmic "surprise" created by accents occurring in unexpected places in the following example is called (00:13), The top number of the time signature above, represents: (3 on top, 4 on bottom). Bach (whom you read about in the earlier chapter 5.2). The imitation of various voices of texture was common of the baroque period. Which statements are true of a Baroque oratorio? (left): Picture of a Virginal by Grard Janot - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0. (3:02). :39, The following excerpt is most likely from a(n) Music that allows for an element of chance to enter the performance, Nadia Boulanger was a prominent music teacher who taught some of the most influential composers of the 20th century, including Aaron Copland, Philip Glass, and Walter Piston. Prima practica emphasized equality of voices whereas seconda practica emphasized a hierarchy of voices. NOTE: Be careful not to confuse the number of musical lines with the number of performers producing the musical lines. The Florentine Camerata A Baroque oratorio is A multi-movement sacred work for soloist and choir intended for a concert performance A Baroque sonata is A piece for solo instrument or a small group of instruments The Baroque concerto is Prima practica emphasized equality of voices whereas seconda practica emphasized a hierarchy of voices. Work with our consultant to learn what to alter. Tempo is an Italian universal musical term that refers to the speed at which a music composition is played. A sung piece, or choral work with or without vocal soloists, usually with orchestral accompaniment, is the. Early baroque music is characterized by frequent use of polyphonic texture. 1:01. Which best describes this section? It was likely invented in the late Middle Ages (around 1300s) and was used prominently in the Baroque Era (1600-1750). You can get your paper edited to read like this. :25, Which of the following excerpts exhibits Baroque rhythmic characteristics? Given the atonal nature of this example, which of the following is the most likely composer? The following excerpt is an example of Renaissance a cappella choral music. After 38 seconds, the other vocalists join in singing various different vocal and percussive parts the texture has become more complex, but it is still broadly homophonic. (00:14). (1:38), From a Renaissance composition having its roots in folk songs. The proper musical term for decreasing the tempo is __________. Listen to the excerpt from "Se vuol ballare" from The Marriage of Figaro. . Which of the following forms is not based on the principle of repetition? This music excerpt is an example of: (00:31) Polyphonic texture. T/F? The rhythm in each layer adds to the understanding of the melody. False. :21. :39, The following excerpt is most likely from a(n) There may be other movements, some of which may introduce soloists. . Arguably his most famous work for the organ is titled Toccata and Fugue in D Minor. What best describes the performing forces in the "Hallelujah" chorus from Messiah. By April 20, 2023 April 20, 2023 power bi if statement with multiple conditions on what is the overall texture of this excerpt? I have added the shaded lines to show clearly where the different parts enter. Label each sentence as dec. for declarative, imp. They may well be singing at different octaves (a little girl in the crowd is going to be singing at a much higher octave than an older man), but it is still a monophonic texture as they are singing in unison. The following excerpt is an example for which style of recitative? A multi-movement sacred work for soloist and choir intended for a concert performance, A piece for solo instrument or a small group of instruments, A piece that contrasts a solo instrument with an ensemble. Excerpt B. Which 8th- and 9th-century ruler had a profound influence on Church music? Which of the following 20th-century trends sought to restore order, harmony, and emotional restraint to music? Which combination of beat and tempo is present in this excerpt? Renaissance artists didnt really care very much if their works appealed to the public at large; they were more concerned about the "purity" of their music. :47, Listen to this music example and answer the following question: Who would be a likely composer for this work? Musical Texture refers to how different layers of a piece of music are combined to produce the overall sound. For those interested in downloading a PDF handout of this unit's PowerPoint slides, click here. The move to establishing a system of 12 major and minor keys took place within the mid- to late Baroque period. When it's done, voice 2 enters with the same melody through imitation, while voice 1 plays a counter-melody called the counter subject. What were the main social classes of early China? (00:21). Rather than water pressure being used to create air pressure, a bellows was used instead. Guido dArezzo wrote The Fundamentals of Music, a very important medieval treatise (essay). Most high-school students have an opportunity toreadShakespeareADJ\overset{\textit{\color{#c34632}{ADJ}}}{{\underline{\text{to read Shakespeare}}}}toreadShakespeareADJ. (00:47). Which best describes the performers in Billings's anthem David's Lamentation? The text, or book, of a musical dramatic work is called the, A song for solo voice with orchestral accompaniment is called a/an. What best describes the opening passage of Contrapunctus I by Bach? The following composition, featuring 40 voices, was written by: (12:15). A subject complement is the noun, pronoun, or adjective that follows a linking verb and identifies or describes the subject. As a result, they are often considered to be forming a same-sounding texture hence they can be considered to be homophonic. ____________ refers to a vocal line that imitates the rhythms and pitch fluctuations of speech. During the Romantic period, most composers were: Independent business persons, earning their living by performing music, writing music for specific occasions and commissions, and collecting royalties on published music. (00:30), The sense of beat in this example is unstressed throughout. The texture of this excerpt is: :32 Polyphonic Which group was credited with inventing the recitative? All fugues are polyphonic in texture, and employ a compositional technique known as imitation. (00:28). Click card to see the answer answer True Click card again to see the question question The imitation of various voices of texture was common of the baroque period. (This is an excerpt from Bach's Prelude . Then, watch this video of Steven Devine demonstrating the sound of the Clavichord, Watch this video of Jean Rondeau performing J.P. Rameau's, you can see a short video of a performer doing there here, Take a listen to organist Hans-Andre Stamm, performing this famous work that's often associated with Halloween. what is the overall texture of this excerpt? Musical texture refers to how melody and harmony relate to each other. Humans can only "fully become" by exploring their inner feelings. Pipe organ at St. Germain cathedral in Paris, taken by Grard Janot - Own work, Public Domain. While music notation is centuries old, modern Western musical notation dates back to around 650 A.D. funny ways to say home run grassroots elite basketball Menu . Which of the following were important composers of the Classical period? As musical instruments developed technically, the level of virtuosity rose in the Baroque. The following excerpt is most likely from a(n):33. and which do not? Monteverdi, an early baroque composer, strove to create music that was. (indirect object) The ranchhand gave each of us a handful of food pellets. :22. (00:13), Mixed melodic directions with a transitional character. (00:27), Given the Hungarian folk music flavor of this example, which of the following is the most likely composer? The proper musical term for "increasing the tempo" is __________. Which of the following terms describe the texture and era for this excerpt and which do not? It is extraordinary how much emotion Debussy creates with just a solo melody line: We rarely hear entirely monophonic songs in the published contemporary musical scene. It has monophonic texture. (00:26), The most salient compositional aspect of the following excerpt is: (00:35). The melody in the flute and harp is drawn from the (pentatonic scale/Dorian mode/octatonic scale/Lydian . The virginal from above is a member of the harpsichord family. (1:00), The following example from the Classical period may be classified as a/an: (00:37). Some of the most famous organ works were composed by J.S. Not all fugues are written for the organ, but Bach did write dozens of them for a solo organist. These dots don't look like modern notes (they're called neumes), but they function in a similar way. Contrasts between a small group of soloists and a larger ensemble. Which group was credited with inventing the recitative? Share this post: on Twitter on Facebook on Google+, Ben Dunnett LRSM is the founder of Music Theory Academy. :29. The picture to the left is the oldest-discovered hydraulis from the 1st century B.C., and is housed in the Archeological Museum of Dion, Greece. Most organs have at least 2 manuals, though some of them have up to 7 different manuals! The dates given in the course for the Baroque Period place it between: The composer of the following music example could likely be The name of the composer pictured above, who wrote more than 600 art songs (lieder), is: During the Romantic period, choral music enjoyed its highest popularity since the Renaissance period. (00:40), Wide dynamic range and repetition in the melody to express deep feelings, The musical features of the following example suggest that it comes from a/an: (00:40), In the Baroque period, music for keyboard, Was created mainly for use in instrumental genres such as sonatas, suites, and concertos. Many composers in the contemporary period sought alternatives to tonality, or key-centered music. . (00:45), Thick texture with full and frequently dissonant chords. The members of the Florentine Camerata based their theories on actual dramatic music that had come down to them from the Greeks. Antonn Dvork was inspired by his Hungarian Dance No. Rules and logic are less important that the free expression of human feelings. Wide dynamic range and repetition in the melody to express deep feelings. The Renaissance may be described as an age in which: Individualism, humanism, and secular values started to flourish once again. For example, the texture of the music might be thick or thin, or it may have many or few layers. Each voice has a clear melody line that it follows, but they all have been cleverly put together to form a coherent and beautiful piece of music: Polyphony is typical of music in the Renaissance period and in the Baroque period where a contrapuntal texture was very common. Which one of the following pairs of words or phrases represents the two main concepts behind Baroque music? (00:11), True (The piece slows down towards the end of the example. Then, write the correct form of the verb in parentheses to complete the sentence. Consonant harmonies usually provide a feeling of tension. . (00:07), The following excerpt represents monophonic texture. One characteristic of this excerpt that suggests it might be from the Baroque Period is: It contrasts a group of instruments with a solo instrument. Meter organizes _________ and __________ sounds into units called measures. What form did Strozzi foreshadow in her arias that became standard in opera? This composer pictured above wrote The Blue Danube, arguably the most famous waltz of all time. During the episode, the composer takes away the subject (we've heard it too much, and want a rest!) The following musical excerpt is from a recitative. Where are tempo markings usually written in a music score? The sacred text and overall musical style of this example suggests that it is part of a/an: All fugues contain at least 3 different layers called "voices" (even if it's an instrument and not being sung, it's still called a voice). Read More. It is no longer monophonic as it now has an accompaniment. To allow performers to get loud and soft sounds on their instrument, some harpsichords have two rows of keyboards on this instrument (similar to an organ). But organs -- a type of keyboard instrument --- have been around for over 2 millennia. What musical style does Mozart use, and to what effect, at this point in the . (00:31). Which of the following was NOT known as a composer of choral music? (10:32), Which of the following is the composer for this excerpt? A multi-movement sacred work for soloist and choir intended for a concert performance A Baroque sonata is. - IT IS SUNG FREELY, WITH NO STRONG BEAT The characteristics of a melody may be best described in terms of: The melody in the following excerpt is comprised of: (00:24), Does the following excerpt move mainly by disjunct, conjunct, or repeated tones? Have a look/listen to this example of polyphony O magnum mysterium by Toms Luis de Victoria (1548-1611). After the middle entry, we move to another episode---then another middle entry, over and over until the composer decides to finish. Some composers have written entire pieces of monophonic music for solo instruments. Identify the linking verb and the subject complement in below sentence. The descending chords in the strings are (parallel sevenths/parallel ninths/parallel triads/ninths in contrary motion) 5. Purcel. . The "couplets" might be in related keys, or remain in the original tonic. 1:01, Which statement does NOT apply to the following music example? Which one of the following pairs of words or phrases represents the two main concepts behind Baroque music? I hope it helps summarise the topic for you: You do not have to choose one texture to use for the whole of a piece of music you are writing. (00:25), Which of the following composers wrote this symphony? The secular text and overall musical style of this example suggest that it is from a/an: Listen to this music example and answer the following question: What would be the typical expectation regarding the rest of the movements of this particular type of work? a) A client with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) tells the nurse, "Sometimes I feel so frustrated. By incorporating Aztec and Christian imagery, By alternating the Nahuatl language and Spanish. This instrument is very different from the keyboard instruments that we use today like the piano, harpsichord, clavichord, and virginal. You'll notice that the instruments are visually very stunning -- we saw the harpsichord in Chapter 5.2 on chamber music in the Baroque period (1600-1750). The secular text and overall musical style of this example suggest that it is from a/an: :40 Opera Students also viewed Classical Period Assessment Final 20 terms KamilleKMenifee Class 38 14 terms . Which of the following statements best describes musical form in the Romantic period? In the following sentences, underline the sentence part or parts given in parentheses. 1:00, The following musical excerpt is from a recitative. Which excerpt is an example of accelerando? These instruments all use strings in some capacity, as you'll read below. The ____________ is a Lutheran congregational hymn tune. Both the clavichord and virginal are similar keyboard instruments. The harmony is used through the piece to enhance the knowledge and understanding the melody with the use of color. The melody may be in the highest register or it may be lower in the texture. Handel, Messiah1:30-2:05 : slower tempo, minor keyHandel, Messiah00:00-1:29 : faster tempo, major key. Bach (whom you read about in the earlier chapter 5.2). Which excerpt most likely represents theme and variations form? Many composers choose to use different textures within one piece of music/song. And so not only do the timbres sound different, but the music itself is written using almost a different type of language than modern music! The dynamics in this example is best described as: Which statement reflects the musical features of the following music example? The definition of homophony is often broadened to include textures that are not homorhythmic. From the word pairs, select the one that completes the following sentence correctly. Some of the most famous organ works were composed by J.S. Which of the following terms does not refer to a basic musical texture? grassroots elite basketball ; why does ted lasso have a southern accent . ; (00:54). In contrast to the Renaissance, where vocal and choral music took center stage, instrumental music established itself as the most significant genre of the Baroque period. Which group was credited with inventing the recitative? for exclamatory. Which of the following is one such alternative? Melodic ideas that are shown in one voice appear in other voices as well. Which of the following examples features melismatic singing? Which of the following important events took place during the Baroque period? Picture by I. QuartierLatin1968, CC BY-SA 3.0. Monk Pond is muchmoreshallowerthan\underline{\text{much more shallower than}}muchmoreshallowerthan Goodman's Lake. The ____________ is a short instrumental composition based on a hymn tune to remind the congregation of the hymn's melody. It can also be found in some classical music, most notably in Baroque vocal music such as cantatas/oratorios. After 30 seconds, 3 vocalists are singing together in a homophonic and homorhythmic texture. Early baroque music is characterized by frequent use of polyphonic texture. 1:00, The following musical excerpt is from a recitative.
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